Recombinant Cynomolgus/Rhesus Macaque Dkk-1 Protein, CF

Recombinant Cynomolgus Monkey/Rhesus Macaque Dkk-1 (10450-DK) inhibits Recombinant Mouse Wnt-3a (1324-WN) induced TCF reporter activity in HEK293 human embryonic kidney cells. The ED50 for this effect is 12.5-100 ng/mL.

2 μg/lane of Recombinant Cynomolgus/Rhesus Macaque Dkk-1 Protein (Catalog # 10450-DK) was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) and non-reducing (NR) conditions and visualized by Coomassie® Blue staining, showing bands at 35-39 kDa.

• Reactivity: Pm-Cm, RM
• Applications: Bioactivity
• Format: Carrier-Free

Recombinant Cynomolgus/Rhesus Macaque Dkk-1 Protein, CF Summary

• Details of Functionality: Measured by its ability to inhibit Wnt induced TCF reporter activity in HEK293 human embryonic kidney cells. The ED₅₀ for this effect is 12.5-100 ng/mL.
• Source: Chinese Hamster Ovary cell line, CHO-derived Dkk-1 protein
  Thr32-His266
• Accession #: XP_005565907.1
• N-terminal Sequence: Thr32
• Protein/Peptide Type: Recombinant Proteins
• Purity: >90%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.
• Endotoxin Note: <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Bioactivity
• Theoretical MW: 26 kDa.
  Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.
• SDS-PAGE: 35-39 kDa, under reducing conditions.

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS.
• Purity: >90%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 500 μg/mL in PBS.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Recombinant Cynomolgus/Rhesus Macaque Dkk-1 Protein, CF

• dickkopf (Xenopus laevis) homolog 1
• dickkopf homolog 1 (Xenopus laevis)
• dickkopf related protein-1
• Dickkopf-1
• dickkopf-related protein 1
• Dkk1
• Dkk-1
• hDkk-1
• SKdickkopf-1 like

Background

Dickkopf related protein 1 (Dkk-1) is the founding member of the Dickkopf family of proteins that includes Dkk-1, -2, -3, -4, and a related protein, Soggy (1, 2). Dkk proteins are secreted proteins that contain two conserved cysteine-rich domains separated by a linker region. Each domain contains ten cysteine residues (1‑3). Mature Cynomolgus/rhesus Dkk-1 is a 40 kDa glycosylated protein that shares 99% amino acid sequence identity with human Dkk-1. Dkk-1 and Dkk-4 are well documented antagonists of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway (1, 2). This pathway is activated by Wnt engagement of a receptor complex composed of the Frizzled proteins and one of two low-density lipoprotein receptor-related proteins, LRP5 or LRP6 (4). The C-terminal cysteine-rich domain 2 (CRD2) of Dkk-1 has been shown to interact with LRP5 or LRP6 (5). Dkk-1 antagonizes Wnt by forming ternary complexes of LRP5/6 with Kremen1 or Kremen2 (4, 6). Dkk‑1/LRP6/Krm2 complex internalization has been shown to down-regulate Wnt signaling (4, 6). Dkk-1 is expressed throughout development and antagonizes Wnt-7a during limb development (7, 8). Other sites of expression include developing neurons, hair follicles and the retina of the eye (9, 10). The balance between Wnt signaling and Dkk-1 inhibition is critical for bone formation and homeostasis (11). Insufficient or excess Dkk-1 activity in bone results in increased or decreased bone density, respectively (9, 12). In adults, Dkk-1 is expressed in osteoblasts and osteocytes, and neurons. Cerebral ischemia induces Dkk-1 expression, which contributes to neuronal cell death (13).

1. Krupnik, V.E. et al. (1999) Gene 238:301.
2. Niehrs, C. (2006) Oncogene 25:7469.
3. Bullock, C.M. et al. (2004) Mol. Pharmacol. 65:582.
4. Mao, B. et al. (2001) Nature 411:321.
5. Kimura, H. et al. (2016) J Clin Invest. 126:7.
6. Mao, B. et al. (2002) Nature 417:664.
7. Kemp, C. et al. (2005) Dev. Dyn. 233:1064.
8. Adamska, M. et al. (2004) Dev. Biol. 272:134.
9. Li, J. et al. (2006) Bone 36:754.
10. Verani, R. et al. (2006) J. Neurochem. 101:242.
11. Pinzone, J.J. et al. (2009) Blood 113:517.
12. Morvan, F. et al. (2006) J. Bone Miner. Res. 21:934.
13. Cappuccio, I. et al. (2005) J. Neurosci. 25:2647.

Bioinformatics

• Uniprot:
  • XP_005565907.1()