LC3B Antibody

Product Discontinued

LC3B Antibody Summary

• Immunogen: MAP1LC3B (NP_073729, 1 a.a. ~ 72 a.a) partial recombinant protein with GST tag.MPSEKTFKQRRTFEQRVEDVRLIREQHPTKIPVIIERYKGEKQLPVLDKTKFLVPDHVNMSELIKIIRRRL
• Marker: Autophagosome Marker
• Specificity: MAP1LC3B - microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Mouse
• Gene: MAP1LC3B
• Purity: Unpurified

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • ELISA
  • Western Blot 1:500
• Application Notes: The quality control of this antibody is limited to Western blot on the immunizing protein. It has also been used for ELISA. Abnova's recommended working dilutions for western analysis are as follows: 1:500 dilution for ascites 1:1000 for purified Ig 1:500
• Control:

  Human Brain Cerebral Cortex Whole Tissue Lysate (Adult Whole Normal)

Reactivity Notes

Human. Other species not tested.

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Aliquot and store at -20C or -80C. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
• Buffer: Unpurified antisera so the specific antibody concentration is unknown. Contains 50% glycerol.
• Preservative: No Preservative
• Purity: Unpurified

Notes

This product is produced by and distributed for Abnova, a company based in Taiwan.

Alternate Names for LC3B Antibody

• Apg8b
• ATG8F
• Autophagy-related protein LC3 B
• Autophagy-related ubiquitin-like modifier LC3 B
• lc3b autophagy marker
• LC3B
• lc3-i, ii
• LC3II
• MAP1 light chain 3-like protein 2
• MAP1A/1BLC3
• MAP1A/MAP1B LC3 B
• MAP1LC3B
• MAP1LC3B-a
• microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta
• microtubule associated protein 3 b
• microtubule associated protein 3 beta
• microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3
• microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B

Background

Autophagy (macroautophagy) is a catabolic process which targets intracellular components such as proteins and organelles for degradation. Originally described as a bulk degradation process, current research supports its selective nature (1). Selective autophagy targets specific cellular components for degradation including the endoplasmic reticulum (2) (ER-phagy), mitochondria (3) (mitophagy), peroxisomes (3) (pexophagy), ribosomes (4) (ribophagy) and bacteria (5) (xenophagy). Autophagy relies on a newly formed phagophore, a membrane structure which elongates, sequesters cellular content, and fuses to form a double membrane vesicle known as the autophagosome. Fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes gives rise to the autophagolysosome, where cellular components are degraded by lysosome hydrolases (1).

Autophagic flux is supported by autophagy-related proteins (Atgs) initially identified in yeast (6,7). The core autophagy machinery is comprised of 17 Atg proteins that play specific roles in autophagosome formation. Among these Atg proteins, Atg8 is not only involved in autophagosome formation but also functions in cargo selection. In mammals, several Atg8 homologues have been identified including microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha, beta and gamma - LC3A, LC3B, and LC3C (8) respectively, as well as GABA type A receptor-associated protein (GABARAP), GABARAP-Like1, and GABARAP-Like2 (9). LC3 (predicted molecular weight 14kD) is ubiquitously expressed and undergoes posttranslational processing after synthesis. First, the cysteine protease Atg4 cleaves a carboxy terminal sequence to generate the cytosolic form LC3-I. Next, E1-like (Atg7) and E2-like (Atg3) enzymes conjugate phosphatidylethanolamine to the newly exposed carboxyterminal glycine, generating LC3-II. Finally, the Atg12-Atg5-Atg16L1 complex participates in LC3 lipidation and autophagosome formation (10). LC3B-I to LC3B-II conversion correlates with autophagosome number and is considered the best marker to monitor autophagy.

References

1. Yu, L., Chen, Y., & Tooze, S. A. (2018). Autophagy pathway: Cellular and molecular mechanisms. Autophagy. https://doi.org/10.1080/15548627.2017.1378838

2. Forrester, A., De Leonibus, C., Grumati, P., Fasana, E., Piemontese, M., Staiano, L., ... Settembre, C. (2019). A selective ER -phagy exerts procollagen quality control via a Calnexin- FAM 134B complex. The EMBO Journal. https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.201899847

3. He, X., Zhu, Y., Zhang, Y., Geng, Y., Gong, J., Geng, J., ... Zhong, H. (2019). RNF34 functions in immunity and selective mitophagy by targeting MAVS for autophagic degradation. The EMBO Journal. https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.2018100978

4. Mathai, B., Meijer, A., & Simonsen, A. (2017). Studying Autophagy in Zebrafish. Cells. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells6030021

5. Losier, T. T., Akuma, M., McKee-Muir, O. C., LeBlond, N. D., Suk, Y., Alsaadi, R. M., ... Russell, R. C. (2019). AMPK Promotes Xenophagy through Priming of Autophagic Kinases upon Detection of Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles. Cell Reports. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2019.01.062

6. Nakatogawa, H., Suzuki, K., Kamada, Y., & Ohsumi, Y. (2009). Dynamics and diversity in autophagy mechanisms: Lessons from yeast. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrm2708

7. Tsukada, M., & Ohsumi, Y. (1993). Isolation and characterization of autophagy-defective mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. FEBS Letters. https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-5793(93)80398-E

8. Wild, P., McEwan, D. G., & Dikic, I. (2014). The LC3 interactome at a glance. Journal of Cell Science. https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.140426

9. Igloi, G. L. (2001). Cloning, expression patterns, and chromosome localization of three human and two mouse homologues of GABAA receptor-associated protein. Genomics. https://doi.org/10.1006/geno.2001.6555

10. Glick, D., Barth, S., & Macleod, K. F. (2010). Autophagy: Cellular and molecular mechanisms. Journal of Pathology. https://doi.org/10.1002/path.2697

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

FAQs for LC3B Antibody (H00081631-A01). (Showing 1 - 1 of 1 FAQ).

1. Hello, somewhere on the LC3B antibody page I read it is recommended to use a 0.2uM membrane for western blot?
   • Yes, because LC3B-I is about 14-15 kDa and LC3B-II is even even smaller, the protein may slip through the 0.45 uM membrane and be lost during blotting. However, there has been success using 0.45 uM membranes; a 0.2 uM membrane is something to consider if no signal is detected.

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: MAP1LC3B
• Entrez:
  • 81631(Human)
• Uniprot:
  • NP_073729(Human)