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Germinal Center Formation Pathway Bioinformatics

Disease and disorder research has been conducted in relation to the Germinal Center Formation Pathway and Lymphoma, Autoimmune Reaction, Neoplasms, Inflammation, Autoimmune Diseases. The study of the Germinal Center Formation Pathway has been mentioned in research publications which can be found using our bioinformatics tool below. The Germinal Center Formation Pathway has been researched in relation to Immune Response, Cell Activation, Cell Differentiation, Cell Development, Cell Proliferation. The Germinal Center Formation Pathway complements our catalog of research reagents including antibodies and ELISA kits against CD40LG, CTLA4, TNF, CD40, IL4.

Germinal Center Formation Bioinformatics Tool

Laverne is a handy bioinformatics tool to help facilitate scientific exploration of related genes, diseases and pathways based on co-citations. Explore more on Germinal Center Formation below! For more information on how to use Laverne, please read the How to Guide.
Vizit™, under license from BioVista Inc.

Top Research Reagents

We have 5428 products for the study of the Germinal Center Formation Pathway that can be applied to Flow Cytometry, Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence, Immunohistochemistry, Western Blot from our catalog of antibodies and ELISA kits.

NOD2 Antibody (2D9) - BSA Free
NB100-524
Western Blot: NOD2 Antibody (2D9) [NB100-524] - HCMV infection induces NOD2 mRNA and protein in HFFs and U373 cells. E. U373 glioma cells were infected with HCMV Towne strain and levels of NOD1, NOD2 and GAPDH mRNAs were measured by qRT-PCR at indicated time points. F. HFFs were infected with HCMV (Towne) at MOI of 1 PFU/cell and levels of NOD2 protein and B-actin were determined 48 and 72 hpi. G. HFFs were infected with HCMV (Towne) strain at MOI of 0.03 or 3 PFU/cell and levels of NOD2 protein and B-actin were determined at 48 hpi. Quantitative data represent mean values (+/-SD) of triplicate determinations from three independent experiments (*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001, one-way ANOVA test). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0092704.g001) licensed under a CC-BY license.Immunohistochemistry-Frozen: NOD2 Antibody (2D9) [NB100-524] - Overlay of NOD2-DyLight 488 (green) with phase contrast of murine colon. Image from verified customer review.

Mouse Monoclonal
Species Human, Mouse
Applications WB, Flow, ICC/IF

     1 Review

25 Publications
SH2D1A Antibody (1C9)
H00004068-M01
Western Blot: SH2D1A Antibody (1C9) [H00004068-M01] - Analysis of SH2D1A expression in transfected 293T cell line by SH2D1A monoclonal antibody (M01), clone 1C9.Lane 1: SH2D1A transfected lysate(14.2 KDa).Lane 2: Non-transfected lysate.Flow Cytometry: SH2D1A Antibody (1C9) [H00004068-M01] - Intracellular staining of human T cells with SH2D1A monoclonal antibody or isotype control antibody, followed by a Polyclonal Goat Anti-Mouse/RPE secondary antibody. Grey filled histogram: Isotype control, empty blue histogram: SH2D1A antibody. Flow cytometry image submitted by a verified customer review.

Mouse Monoclonal
Species Human, Mouse
Applications WB, ELISA, Flow

     1 Review

8 Publications
B7-2/CD86 Antibody (BU63)
NBP2-25208
Knockout Validated: B7-2/CD86 Antibody (BU63) [NBP2-25208] - Western blot shows lysates of Ramos human Burkitt's lymphoma parental cell line and B7-2 knockout (KO) Ramos cell line. PVDF membrane was probed with 1.0 ug/mL of Mouse Anti-Human B7-2 Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # NBP2-25208) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Mouse IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog #HAF018). Specific band was detected for B7-2 at approximately 90 kDa (as indicated) in the parental Ramos cell line, but is not detectable in the knockout Ramos cell line. This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions.Immunohistochemistry: B7-2/CD86 Antibody (BU63) [NBP2-25208] - Macrophage polarization states. Distribution and proportion of CD86+ macrophages (brown) were identified using IHC procedures. Intensity for the color response to antibodies was visible in lung tissues from all groups. Population proportions for the stained cells as shown by red arrows were calculated as a fold change of the control. (d). The results were expressed as Mean +/- SD (n = 3). **: a p-value of < 0.01 vs NS, OVA/BUD and OVA/PCI except the number of CD86+ cells in OVA/PCI group. #: P < 0.05 vs NS and ##; P < 0.01 vs either NS or OVA/BUD group. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (https://respiratory-research.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12931-020-1322-5) licensed under a CC-BY license.

Mouse Monoclonal
Species Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications WB, Flow, ICC/IF

21 Publications
CD40/TNFRSF5 Antibody (mAb89)
DDX0131P-100
Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: CD40/TNFRSF5 Antibody (mAb89) [DDX0131P-100] - CD40-transfected L cells stained.Immunohistochemistry: CD40/TNFRSF5 Antibody (mAb89) [DDX0131P-100] - IHC staining on Bouin paraffinlymph node section. HumanCD40 stained with mAb 89.

Mouse Monoclonal
Species Human
Applications Flow, Func, ICC/IF

11 Publications
CXCR5 Antibody (51505) [Unconjugated]
MAB190
Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were stained with Mouse Anti-Human CD19 APC‑conjugated Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # <a class=CXCR5 was detected in immersion fixed human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using Mouse Anti-Human CXCR5 Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB190) at 10 µg/mL for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained using the NorthernLights™ 637-conjugated Anti-Mouse IgG Secondary Antibody (red; Catalog # <a class=

Mouse Monoclonal
Species Human
Applications Flow, IHC, CyTOF-reported

     1 Review

27 Publications
B7-H2/ICOSLG Antibody [Unconjugated]
AF165
Western blot shows lysate of U937 human histiocytic lymphoma cell line. PVDF membrane was probed with 2 µg/mL of Goat Anti-Human B7‑H2 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF165) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # <A class=NoLineLink href=U937 human histiocytic lymphoma cell line was stained with Goat Anti-Human<br>B7‑H2 Antigen Affinity‑purified Polyclonal Anti­body (Catalog # AF165, filled histogram) or isotype control antibody (Catalog # <a class=

Goat Polyclonal
Species Human
Applications WB, Flow, CyTOF-ready

2 Publications
CTLA-4 [Unconjugated]
7268-CT
Recombinant Human CTLA-4 Fc Chimera (Catalog # 7268-CT) inhibits IL-2 secretion by stimulated Jurkat human acute Tcell leukemia cells. The ED<sub>50</sub> for this effect is 0.03-0.15 μg/mL whenstimulated with 1 μg/mL Recombinant Human B7‑1/CD80 Fc Chimera (Catalog # <a class=


Species Human
Applications BA

3 Publications
IL-4 [Unconjugated]
6507-IL/CF
Measured in a cell proliferation assay using TF‑1 human erythroleukemic cells. The ED<sub>50</sub> for this effect is 0.05-0.2 ng/mL.


Species Human
Applications BA

3 Publications
CD40 Ligand/TNFSF5 [HRP]
DCDL40
CD40 Ligand/TNFSF5 [HRP] CD40 Ligand/TNFSF5 [HRP]


Species Human
Applications ELISA

43 Publications
TNF-alpha [Unconjugated]
210-TA
Recombinant Human TNF-alpha (Catalog # 210-TA) has a molecular weight (MW) of 53.1 kDa as analyzed by SEC-MALS, suggesting that this protein is a homotrimer.  MW may differ from predicted MW due to post-translational modifications (PTMs) present (i.e. Glycosylation).Recombinant Human TNF-alpha (Catalog # 210‑TA) induces cytotoxicity in the L-929 mouse fibroblast cell line in the presence of the metabolic inhibitor actinomycin D. The ED<sub>50</sub> for this effect is 25‑100 pg/mL.


Species Human
Applications BA

     3 Reviews

774 Publications
ICOS [Unconjugated]
169-CS
Recombinant Human ICOS Fc Chimera (Catalog # 169-CS) inhibits rhB7-H2/FcChimera (Catalog # <a class=


Species Human
Applications BA

3 Publications
Lymphotoxin-alpha/TNF-beta [Unconjugated]
211-TBB/CF
Recombinant Human Lymphotoxin-alpha /TNF-beta (Catalog # 211-TBB/CF) induces cytotoxicity in the L-929 mouse fibroblast cell line in the presence of the metabolic inhibitor actinomycin D. The ED<sub>50</sub> for this effect is 4‑20 pg/mL.1 µg/lane of Recombinant Human Lymphotoxin-alpha /TNF-beta was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) conditions and visualized by silver staining, showing a band at 19 kDa.


Species Human
Applications BA

8 Publications
IL-10 [Biotin]
DY417
IL-10 [Biotin]


Species Mouse
Applications ELISA

276 Publications
CD28 Antibody (37407) [Unconjugated]
MAB342
Human CD28 Monoclonal Antibody enhances IL-2 secretion in the Jurkat human acute T cell leukemia cell line stimulated with 10 ng/mL phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and 0.5 μM calcium ionophore, in a dose-dependent manner, as measured using the Quantikine Human IL-2 ELISA Kit (Catalog # <a class=CD28 was detected in immersion fixed U266 human myeloma cell line (Positive) & K562 human chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line (Negative) using Mouse Anti-Human CD28 Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB342) at 8 µg/mL for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained using the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Anti-Mouse IgG Secondary Antibody (red; Catalog # <a class=NoLineLink href=

Mouse Monoclonal
Species Human
Applications WB, AgAct, ICC

     1 Review

38 Publications
B7-1/CD80 Antibody (37711) [Unconjugated]
MAB140
Raji human Burkitt's lymphoma cell line was stained with Mouse Anti-Human B7‑1/CD80 Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB140, filled histogram) or isotype control antibody (Catalog # <a class=<P align=left>Recombinant Human B7‑1/CD80 Fc Chimera (Catalog # <A class=NoLineLink href=

Mouse Monoclonal
Species Human
Applications Flow, IHC, CyTOF-ready

14 Publications
CD4 Antibody - BSA Free
NBP1-19371
Immunohistochemistry: CD4 Antibody [NBP1-19371] - Increased CD3+ and CD4+ T-cell occurrence in the brainstem of SHR-72 transgenic rat model for tauopathies. (A-D) Immunofluorescence staining showed CD4+ T-cells in SHR-72 transgenic animals. (E- H) Immunofluorescence staining showed more perivascular than brain parenchyma infiltrating CD4+ T-cells in SHR-72 transgenic animals. PLoS One. 2019 May 23;14(5):e0217216. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217216.Immunohistochemistry: CD4 Antibody [NBP1-19371] - DBZ inhibits the accumulation of CD4+ T cells and Th2 differentiation in the AAAs. (B) The representation of immunohistochemical staining for CD4+ in abdominal aorta from four groups (left). Bar graphs show the percentage of CD4+ positive cell areas (right; n=3 per group). Bar: 50 um.

Rabbit Polyclonal
Species Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications WB, Simple Western, Flow

     9 Reviews

45 Publications
Bcl-6 Antibody
NBP2-59786
Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: Bcl-6 Antibody [NBP2-59786] - Staining in human tonsil and pancreas tissues . Corresponding BCL6 RNA-seq data are presented for the same tissues.Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: Bcl-6 Antibody [NBP2-59786] - Human cell line U-251 MG shows localization to nucleoplasm. Antibody staining is shown in green.

Rabbit Polyclonal
Species Human
Applications ICC/IF, IHC, IHC-P

1 Publication
BOB1 Antibody (BOB1/2424)
NBP2-75752
Western Blot: BOB1 Antibody (BOB1/2424) [NBP2-75752] - Analysis of Raji cell lysate using BOB1 Mouse Monoclonal Antibody (BOB1/2424).Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: BOB1 Antibody (BOB1/2424) [NBP2-75752] - Immunofluorescent staining of paraformaldehyde-fixed Raji cells using BOB1 Antibody (BOB1/2424).followed by goat anti-Mouse IgG conjugated to CF488 (green). Nuclei are labeled with Red Dot (red).

Mouse Monoclonal
Species Human
Applications WB, Flow, ICC/IF

HLA DQ/DR/DP Antibody (HLA-Pan/2967R) - Azide and BSA Free
NBP2-79843
Western Blot: HLA DQ/DR/DP Antibody (HLA-Pan/2967R) - Azide and BSA Free [NBP2-79843] - Western Blot Analysis of Ramos cell lysate using HLA DQ/DR/DP Antibody (HLA-Pan/2967R).Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: HLA DQ/DR/DP Antibody (HLA-Pan/2967R) - Azide and BSA Free [NBP2-79843] - Immunofluorescence staining of PFA-fixed Ramos cells. HLA DQ/DR/DP Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody (HLA DQ/DR/DP/2967R) followed by goat anti-rabbit IgG-CF488 (green). Nuclei stained with RedDot.

Rabbit Monoclonal
Species Human
Applications WB, ELISA, Flow