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Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-remitting: Disease Bioinformatics

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease that affects the Central Nervous System (CNS) by interfering with nerve signal transmission. Relapse Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS) is defined by a repeated cycle of flare-ups (relapse stage) and remission (period of normal functioning). Approximately 85% of MS cases are diagnosed during the Relapse Remitting Multiple Sclerosis stage as opposed to the progressive stage. Women are affected by RRMS between 2 and 3 times as often as men. RRMS is defined by inflammation that targets myelin specifically; this type of inflammation does not occur in progressive forms of MS. Advancement to progressive forms of Multiple Sclerosis from Relapse Remitting Multiple Sclerosis typically occur 10 years after diagnosis.

Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-remitting Bioinformatics Tool

Laverne is a handy bioinformatics tool to help facilitate scientific exploration of related genes, diseases and pathways based on co-citations. Explore more on Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-remitting below! For more information on how to use Laverne, please read the How to Guide.
Vizit™, under license from BioVista Inc.

Top Research Reagents

We have 4714 products for the study of Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-remitting that can be applied to Flow Cytometry, Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence, Immunohistochemistry, Western Blot from our catalog of antibodies and ELISA kits.

NOD2 Antibody (2D9) - BSA Free
NB100-524
Western Blot: NOD2 Antibody (2D9) [NB100-524] - HCMV infection induces NOD2 mRNA and protein in HFFs and U373 cells. E. U373 glioma cells were infected with HCMV Towne strain and levels of NOD1, NOD2 and GAPDH mRNAs were measured by qRT-PCR at indicated time points. F. HFFs were infected with HCMV (Towne) at MOI of 1 PFU/cell and levels of NOD2 protein and B-actin were determined 48 and 72 hpi. G. HFFs were infected with HCMV (Towne) strain at MOI of 0.03 or 3 PFU/cell and levels of NOD2 protein and B-actin were determined at 48 hpi. Quantitative data represent mean values (+/-SD) of triplicate determinations from three independent experiments (*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001, one-way ANOVA test). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0092704.g001) licensed under a CC-BY licence.Immunohistochemistry-Frozen: NOD2 Antibody (2D9) [NB100-524] - Overlay of NOD2-DyLight 488 (green) with phase contrast of murine colon. Image from verified customer review.

Mouse Monoclonal
Species Human, Mouse
Applications WB, Flow, ICC/IF

     1 Review

24 Publications
GLS2 Antibody - BSA Free
NBP1-76544
Western Blot: GLS2 Antibody [NBP1-76544] - Glutaminase protein expression in PC3 and PC3M cell lines before/after CB-839 treatment. PC3 & PC3M cells were treated (+) or not treated (-) with GLS1 inhibitor CB-839 (1 uM) and their expression of GLS1 & GLS2 proteins determined by Western blot. Antibodies specific for GAC & KCA were utilized on two replicate samples, while GLS2 expression was determined on three. PC3 cell lysates expressed GLS2 more than PC3M cell lysates regardless of CB-839 treatment. The difference in GLS2 expression was significant in the untreated cells (P?<?0.03) but because of high variability the difference was not significant in the drug-treated cells. Levels of GLS1 (GAC and KGA) were similar in all cell lysates. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (http://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-16327-z), licensed under a CC-BY licence.Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: GLS2 Antibody [NBP1-76544] - of GLS2 in Human Kidney cells. Dilution 20 ug/mL.

Rabbit Polyclonal
Species Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications WB, Simple Western, ELISA

5 Publications
AGA Antibody
NBP1-88866
Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: AGA Antibody [NBP1-88866] - Staining in human epididymis and skeletal muscle tissues using anti-AGA antibody. Corresponding AGA RNA-seq data are presented for the same tissues.Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: AGA Antibody [NBP1-88866] - Staining of human epididymis shows high expression.

Rabbit Polyclonal
Species Human
Applications IHC, IHC-P

1 Publication
ACAT1 Antibody
NBP1-89284
Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: ACAT1 Antibody [NBP1-89284] - Staining of human cerebellum, kidney, liver and testis using Anti-ACAT1 antibody NBP1-89284 (A) shows similar protein distribution across tissues to independent antibody NBP1-89285 (B).Western Blot: ACAT1 Antibody [NBP1-89284] - Analysis in Caco-2 cells transfected with control siRNA, target specific siRNA probe #1 and #2, using Anti-ACAT1 antibody. Remaining relative intensity is presented. Loading control: Anti-PPIB.

Rabbit Polyclonal
Species Human, Porcine
Applications WB, ICC/IF, IHC

     1 Review

5 Publications
TFF2 Antibody (366508) [Unconjugated]
MAB4077
TFF2 was detected in immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human stomach using Mouse Anti-Human TFF2 Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB4077) at 1.7 µg/mL for 1 hour at room temperature followed by incubation with the Anti-Mouse IgG VisUCyte™ HRP Polymer Antibody (Catalog # <a class=

Mouse Monoclonal
Species Human
Applications WB, IHC

1 Publication
CTLA-4 [Unconjugated]
7268-CT
Recombinant Human CTLA-4 Fc Chimera (Catalog # 7268-CT) inhibits IL-2 secretion by stimulated Jurkat human acute Tcell leukemia cells. The ED<sub>50</sub> for this effect is 0.03-0.15 μg/mL whenstimulated with 1 μg/mL Recombinant Human B7‑1/CD80 Fc Chimera (Catalog # <a class=


Species Human
Applications BA

3 Publications
IL-4 [Unconjugated]
6507-IL/CF
Measured in a cell proliferation assay using TF‑1 human erythroleukemic cells. The ED<sub>50</sub> for this effect is 0.05-0.2 ng/mL.


Species Human
Applications BA

3 Publications
IL-6 [HRP]
D6050
IL-6 [HRP] IL-6 [HRP]


Species Human
Applications ELISA

712 Publications
IFN-gamma [Unconjugated]
285-IF
1 μg/lane of Recombinant Human IFN-gamma was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) conditions and visualized by silver staining, showing a single band at 17 kDa.Recombinant Human IFN-gamma (Catalog # 285‑IF) demonstrates anti-viral activity in HeLa human cervical epithelial carcinoma cells infected with encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus. The activity is over 2-fold greater than the top competitor's IFN-gamma .


Species Human
Applications BA

     2 Reviews

419 Publications
TNF-alpha [Unconjugated]
210-TA
Recombinant Human TNF-alpha (Catalog # 210‑TA) induces cytotoxicity in the L-929 mouse fibroblast cell line in the presence of the metabolic inhibitor actinomycin D. The ED<sub>50</sub> for this effect is 25‑100 pg/mL.1 µg/lane of Recombinant Human TNF-alpha was resolved by SDS-PAGE with silver staining, under reducing (R) conditions, showing a band at 17 kDa.


Species Human
Applications BA

     3 Reviews

743 Publications
IL-2 [Unconjugated]
202-IL
Recombinant Human IL-2 (Catalog # 202-IL) stimulates cell proliferation of the CTLL‑2 mouse cytotoxic T cell line. The ED<SUB>50</SUB> for this effect is 0.05-0.25 ng/mL.1 μg/lane of Recombinant Human IL-2 was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) conditions and visualized by silver staining, showing a single band at 13 kDa.


Species Human
Applications BA

     4 Reviews

351 Publications
IL-10 [Biotin]
DY417
IL-10 [Biotin]


Species Mouse
Applications ELISA

267 Publications
GM-CSF [Unconjugated]
7954-GM/CF
Measured in a cell proliferation assay using TF-1 human erythroleukemic cells. The ED<sub>50</sub> for this effect is 6-30 pg/mL.


Species Human
Applications BA

3 Publications
LAMC2 Antibody (CL2980)
NBP2-42388
Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: LAMC2 Antibody (CL2980) [NBP2-42388] - Staining in human fallopian tube and liver tissues. Corresponding LAMC2 RNA-seq data are presented for the same tissues.Western Blot: LAMC2 Antibody (CL2980) [NBP2-42388] - Analysis in A-431 cells transfected with control siRNA, target specific siRNA probe #1 and #2, using Anti-LAMC2 antibody. Remaining relative intensity is presented. Loading control: Anti-GAPDH.

Mouse Monoclonal
Species Human
Applications WB, ICC/IF, IHC

2 Publications
CD4 Antibody - BSA Free
NBP1-19371
Immunohistochemistry: CD4 Antibody [NBP1-19371] - Increased CD3+ and CD4+ T-cell occurrence in the brainstem of SHR-72 transgenic rat model for tauopathies. (A-D) Immunofluorescence staining showed CD4+ T-cells in SHR-72 transgenic animals. (E- H) Immunofluorescence staining showed more perivascular than brain parenchyma infiltrating CD4+ T-cells in SHR-72 transgenic animals. PLoS One. 2019 May 23;14(5):e0217216. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217216.Immunohistochemistry: CD4 Antibody [NBP1-19371] - DBZ inhibits the accumulation of CD4+ T cells and Th2 differentiation in the AAAs. (B) The representation of immunohistochemical staining for CD4+ in abdominal aorta from four groups (left). Bar graphs show the percentage of CD4+ positive cell areas (right; n=3 per group). Bar: 50 um.

Rabbit Polyclonal
Species Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications WB, Simple Western, Flow

     9 Reviews

41 Publications
MBP Antibody (12)
NB600-717
Western Blot: MBP Antibody (12) [NB600-717] - Mouse Brain Tissue lysate probed with Rat anti MBP.Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: MBP Antibody (12) [NB600-717] - Histological and mRNA analysis of the inflammatory cytokines in the vehicle- or etifoxine-treated mice at onset of clinical symptoms. At day 10 p.i., drug treated animals showed significant differences in MBP staining. Animals treated with etifoxine showed an increase in retention of percentage of MBP coverage (*p = 0.001). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (http://embomolmed.embopress.org/cgi/doi/10.1002/emmm.201202124), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

Rat Monoclonal
Species Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications WB, ELISA, ICC/IF

     3 Reviews

30 Publications
MOG Antibody
H00004340-B01P
Western Blot: MOG Antibody [H00004340-B01P] - Analysis of MOG expression in rat brain.Western Blot: MOG Antibody [H00004340-B01P] - Analysis of MOG expression in transfected 293T cell line by MOG polyclonal antibody. Lane 1: MOG transfected lysate(32.56 KDa). Lane 2: Non-transfected lysate.

Mouse Polyclonal
Species Human, Rat
Applications WB

     1 Review

IFN-beta [HRP]
DIFNB0
IFN-beta is spiked at three known concentrations throughout the range of the assay and run to measure response of the spiked sample matrix. R&D Systems recovery is 98% compared to 55% for the top competitor.Samples containing high concentrations of IFN-beta in various matrices are diluted with appropriate Calibrator Diluent to produce samples with values within the dynamic range of the assay. R&D Systems linearity is between 103%-112% compared to 119%-170% for the top competitor.


Species Human
Applications ELISA

16 Publications
HLA DQ/DR/DP Antibody (HLA-Pan/2967R) - Azide and BSA Free
NBP2-79843
Western Blot: HLA DQ/DR/DP Antibody (HLA-Pan/2967R) - Azide and BSA Free [NBP2-79843] - Western Blot Analysis of Ramos cell lysate using HLA DQ/DR/DP Antibody (HLA-Pan/2967R).Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: HLA DQ/DR/DP Antibody (HLA-Pan/2967R) - Azide and BSA Free [NBP2-79843] - Immunofluorescence staining of PFA-fixed Ramos cells. HLA DQ/DR/DP Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody (HLA DQ/DR/DP/2967R) followed by goat anti-rabbit IgG-CF488 (green). Nuclei stained with RedDot.

Rabbit Monoclonal
Species Human
Applications WB, ELISA, Flow

Adenine Nucleotide Translocator 2 Antibody
NBP2-92630
Western Blot: Adenine Nucleotide Translocator 2 Antibody [NBP2-92630] - Analysis of extracts of various cell lines, using Adenine Nucleotide Translocator 2 at 1:1000 dilution. Secondary antibody: HRP Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) at 1:10000 dilution. Lysates/proteins: 25ug per lane. Blocking buffer: 3% nonfat dry milk in TBST. Detection: ECL Basic Kit . Exposure time: 60s.Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: Adenine Nucleotide Translocator 2 Antibody [NBP2-92630] - Analysis of HeLa cells using Adenine Nucleotide Translocator 2 . Blue: DAPI for nuclear staining.

Rabbit Polyclonal
Species Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications WB, ICC/IF, IHC


Related Genes

Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-remitting has been researched against:

Related Pathways

Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-remitting has been linked to:

Related Diseases

Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-remitting has been studied in relation to diseases such as:

Related PTMs

Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-remitting has been studied in relation to posttranslational modifications (PTMs) including:

Alternate Names

Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-remitting is also known as Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis, Remitting Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis, Remitting-relapsing Multiple Sclerosis.