Note: Not all species have been tested for usefulness with this product. Only those species listed have been tested. We cannot make any guarantees about additional reactivities which may or may not occur.
A synthetic peptide made to an N-terminal portion of the human LC3 protein sequence (between residues 1-100).
Localization:
LC3-I is cytoplasmic. LC3-II binds to the autophagic membranes.
Marker:
Autophagosomes Marker
Species Reactivity:
This antibody reacts with human and mouse LC3 protein, though the mouse detection is weaker than the human. No other species have been tested. The immunogen used for this antibody production has 100% homology with rat and Zebrafish, 92% with mouse, 91% with cow, and 84% with Xenopus proteins.
Applications:
Uses:
By Western blot bands are seen at ~17 and 19 kDa corresponding to LC3-II and LC3-I. In some cases a non-specific band is seen at ~21 kDa in mouse protein. Please note general reference (1) below for ATG5 control lysates used in our image.
Dilutions:
immunohistochemistry 1:200-1:400,
immunoprecipitation 20ug/500ug of protein,
Western Blot 2 ug/ml,
Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin ,
This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Products are guaranteed for 6 months from date of receipt, except for peptides and proteins which are guaranteed for 3 months.
LC3, a mammalian homologue of Apg8, was originally identified as microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3. It is a component of both the MAP1A and MAP1B microtubule-binding domains and the heavy-chain independent regulation of LC3 expression might modify MAP1 microtubule-binding activity during development. However, LC3 is now thought to also be involved in autophagy. LC3-I is cytosolic and LC3-II is membrane bound and enriched in the autophagic vacuole fraction. LC3-II is the first mammalian protein identified that specifically associates with the autophagosome membranes.
Detection of LC3 in mouse ES cell lysates using NB 100-2220. Atg5-/- ES cells from Dr. Noboru Mizushima [Mizushima, N. et al. J. Cell Biol. 152 (2001)] Photo courtesy of Dr. Beth Levine, UT Southwestern Medical Center.
Staining of brain, cerebral cortex, neurons with cell processes using NB100-2220.
Miller, B., Zhao, Z., Stephenson, L., et al. The autophagy gene ATG5 plays an essential role in B lymphocyte development. Autophagy. April 2008; 4:3, 309-314
Zhang, H., M. Bosch-Marce, et al. Mitochondrial autophagy is a HIF-1-dependent adaptive metabolic response to hypoxia. J. Biol. Chem. April 18 2008; 293(16):10892-10903 (WB)
Settembre C, Fraldi A, Jahreiss L, et al. A block of autophagy in lysosomal storage disorders. Hum Mol Genet. 2008 January 1, 2008;17(1):119-29.
Sarkar, S., et al. A rational mechanism for combination treatment of Huntington#039;s disease using lithium rapamycin. Hum. Mol. Genet. Jan; 17: 170-178, 2008