HHF35 reacts with both alpha-muscle and gamma smooth muscle actin, and therefore reacts with skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, vascular and visceral smooth muscle cells, pericytes and myoepithelial cells. It is also reactive in myofibroblasts. It does not react with epithelial, endothelial, neural or normal connective tissue cells when applied under the proper conditions to these tissue sections.
Note: Not all species have been tested for usefulness with this product. Only those species listed have been tested. We cannot make any guarantees about additional reactivities which may or may not occur.
HHF35 is a mouse monoclonal IgG1 antibody derived by fusion of NS-1 mouse myeloma cells with spleen cells from a BALB/c mouse immunized with an SDS-extracted protein fraction from human myocardium.
Species Reactivity:
Cross reacts with Human, Monkey, Swine, Rabbit, Rat, Chicken and Zebrafish.
Applications:
Uses:
HHF35 is useful for immunohistochemistry on frozen and paraffin-embedded tissues preserved in several types of fixatives immunoblotting, immuno-electron microscopy and ELISA. For immunohistochemical applications to paraffin embedded tissues it is recommended to dilute the antibody in PBS containing 50 mM EDTA.
This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Products are guaranteed for 6 months from date of receipt, except for peptides and proteins which are guaranteed for 3 months.
Among the six actin isoforms described in mammals, two are found in virtually all cells (beta and gamma cytoplasmic), two are detected in smooth muscle cells (alpha and beta-smooth muscle) and two are present in striated muscles, one predominantly in skeletal (alpha-skeletal) and one in cardiac (alpha-cardiac) muscle cells. These actin isoforms differ slightly in their N-terminus, but the sequence of each of these actins is highly conserved in higher vertebrates. Alpha- muscle actin is present in striated as well as smooth muscle cells, and in pathological tissues derived therefrom. It has for example been detected in several types of muscle derived tumors, and also been shown to appear in stress fibers of fibroblastic cells involved in contractile phenomena such as wound healing and fibrocontractive diseases.
Verberne, M. et al. (2000) Distribution of antigen epitopes shared by nerves the myocardium of the embryonic chick heart using different neuronal markers. The Anatomical Record. 260: 335 - 350.
Burgess, K.L. et al. (1996) Myoepithelial cells actively proliferate during atrophy of rat parotid gl. Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. Oral Radiol. Endod. 82: 674 - 680.
Tsubura, A. et al. (1991) Immunophenotypic difference of Keratin expression in normal mammary glular cells from five different species. Acta Anat. 140: 287 - 293.
Shiomi, M. et al. (1994) Cell compositions of coronary aortic atherosclerotic lesions in WHHL rabbits differ. An immunohistochemical study. Arterioscler Thromb. 14(6): 931-937.
Martin de las Mulas, J. et al. (1994) Immunohistochemical distribution pattern of intermediate filament proteins muscle actin in feline human mammary carcinomas. J. Comp. Pathol. 111(4): 365-81.
Hirata, Y. et al. (1994) Experimental intimal thickening studies using the photochemically induced thrombosis model in the guinea pig femoral artery. Atherosclerosis 107(1): 117-124.
Perez, J. et al. (1996) Immunohistochemical characterization of hemangiopericytomas other spindle cell tumors in the dog. Vet. Pathol. 33 (4): 391-397.
Tsukada, T. et al. (1987) HHF35, a muscle-actin-specific monoclonal antibody. I. Immunocytochemical biochemical characterization. Am. J. Pathol. 126: 51